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In
a tiny mud house in the dusty farming village of Rirka Balani in
Punjab, 61-year-old Bibi Bakhtaran quivers with grief as she looks
upon a framed photograph of her deceased son, Muhammad Riaz. Thirty-year-old
Riaz was one of the six Pakistanis gunned down by special Macedonian
police over two years ago in Rastanski Lozja, five kilometres north
of the Macedonian capital, Skopje.
Macedonian
authorities initially claimed that the men were terrorists plotting
to attack western embassies. They displayed uniforms and badges
bearing the insignia of the National Liberation Army, the ethnic
Albanian rebel force that had fought government troops. Ethnic Albanian
politicians, however denied any links to the seven men. A subsequent
police investigation revealed that all seven of the murdered men,
one Indian and six Pakistanis, were innocent of the allegations
made against them. Instead, in a staged encounter, Macedonian police
lured Omar Farooq, Syed Bilal Hussein Shah, Asif Javed, Khalid Iqbal
and Ijaz Ahmed into Macedonia from Bulgaria before coldly gunning
them down.
On
May 1, the Macedonian government issued a statement condemning "the
monstrous killing of seven economic migrants" and admitted
that the incident was "staged." "The whole affair
was set up to score political points with the international community,"
said Mirjana Kontevska, a spokesperson for the Macedonian Interior
Ministry. The killings, he added, were part of an attempt to "present
themselves as participants in the war against terrorism and demonstrate
Macedonia's commitment to the [US led] war on terrorism." Macedonian
officials implicated former Interior Minister Ljube Boskovski and
framed charges against the four police officers involved in the
killings.
In
the first week of May, Macedonia issued warrants of arrest for the
minister, after he failed to appear before court. According to the
latest media reports, he is believed to have crossed the border
into Croatia, where he is also a citizen. "We cannot arrest
him unless Macedonia allows Croatia to take over the case,"
stated Croatian police spokesman, Zlatko Mehun. "We have informed
Macedonia of that but have received no reply so far." Meanwhile,
the Pakistani government has condemned the incident as "hideous."
"The crime was even more shocking because these murders were
premeditated," a foreign ministry spokesperson said.
All
the deceased belong to poor farming families in Punjabi villages.
In Rirka Balani, the squalor of mud houses inhabited by the Mussali
caste (Hindu converts engaged in menial jobs) is broken every so
often by incongruous grand houses with huge pillars and marble finishings,
built with repatriated earnings by former villagers working illegally
in the United States or in Europe as labourers, cabbies or technicians.
Riaz
was born into one of the village's poorer households. In pursuit
of a better life, and with dreams of possessing a big house, like
the ones he saw around him, Riaz decided to travel to Europe. His
family borrowed 90,000 rupees from a local landlord to finance his
journey, out of which an amount equivalent to 850 dollars were paid
to a travel agent in Mandi Bahauddin to arrange for a visa and passport.
Riaz kept the rest for travelling expenses. "So many people
have gone abroad on fake documents," says Bakhtaran. "We
didn't think it was wrong. Everybody was doing it." Having
borrowed heavily to finance Riaz's journey, the family will be in
debt for many years to come.
Whereas
acquiring a European and American visa was comparatively easy during
the late '70s and early '80s, the business of human trafficking
flourished in the upper Punjab districts of Mandi Bahauddin and
neighbouring Gujarat subsequent to the 9/11 immigration clampdown.
Unconfirmed news reports in the local media suggest that Gujarat's
traffickers have arranged passage to Greece, Italy, Spain and other
countries for at least 200,000 Pakistanis during the last decade,
using routes through Iran and Turkey.
Riaz
began his journey to Turkey via Iran in November 2001, where he
was waiting to be taken to Greece by an operator of his Pakistani
travel agent. "Riaz called from Turkey and told us he was fine,"
recalls Mehr Din, Riaz's 70-year-old father. "We didn't hear
anything else till his body came back to us in a wooden coffin on
September 9, 2002."
Sabir
Hussein, a labourer from Dheerke Kalan village in neighbouring Gujarat
district, speaks of his 21-year-old son, Omar Farooq, an auto-mechanic
who desperately wanted to go abroad. "I didn't want him to
go but he cried for two days. I couldn't see him cry," says
Hussein ruefully. Like many others, Hussein took a loan of 8,650
dollars to finance his son. He, too, last heard from Omar when he
called briefly from Turkey. "We had not even heard of Macedonia.
What could we possibly know about Al-Qaeda?" asks Hussein.
Back
in Mandi Bahauddin, Azhar Javed, a 33-year-old cab driver from Sivia
village, mourns for his younger brother, Ijaz Ahmed, 21, who dreamed
of breaking the shackles of poverty. Ijaz's family belongs to the
marasi caste, traditional singers and dancers in rural Punjab. His
66-year-old mother, Ghulam Fatima, still weeps at the mere mention
of her son. "At least 300 people from our village of 6,000
are working abroad and sending money back home," says Javed.
"Ijaz wanted to earn money like them so he could arrange for
the weddings of his four sisters. He wasn't a terrorist." Mohammad
Mehdi, 47, a retired army wireless operator from Sohawa Diloana
in Mandi Bahauddin, also believed that sending his 18-year-old son
Asif Javed abroad, would improve his family's living standards.
Asif left Pakistan in August 2001 and last contacted his family
from Turkey. News of his son's death reached his father eight weeks
later, on April 28, 2002. Adjusting a garland on Ijaz's grave, he
tells me, "I now warn people to eat dirt rather than send their
children to the west."
Says Ansar Burney, the civil rights activist who arranged
for the victims' bodies to be brought home, "They had been
pinpointed, kidnapped and later brutally killed in what Ljube Boskovski
and his police team claimed was a coup against global terrorism.
Arms were planted on the scene to make the men seem like terrorists."
On May 7, the Ansar Burney Welfare Trust International served a
legal notice to the Macedonian government at the Macedonian Embassy
through its ambassador in London. "We plan to sue the Macedonian
Government for damages between two to 12 million dollars per family,"
Mr. Burney stated. He reveals that the Indian Sikh, whose particulars
are still under investigation, also wore a beard. "The Macedonians
shot him too, thinking he was a Muslim."
The Pakistani government has demanded a formal apology,
full compensation to be paid to the families of the victims, and
for exemplary punishments to be meted out to the perpetrators of
the crime. While Pakistan does not have a diplomatic mission in
Macedonia, the Pakistani Embassy in Ankara is concurrently accredited
to Macedonia. Sher Afgan Khan, the Ambassador of Pakistan to Turkey,
has held discussions with various Macedonian officials including
the Deputy Minister for Interior, Hasbi Lika, the Deputy Minister
for Foreign Affairs, Fuad Hasanovic, a spokesperson of the Ministry
of Interior, Mrs. Mirjana Kontevska, and the State Secretary of
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Igor Gundovthe. The Deputy Minister
for Interior has since offered apologies to the government and the
bereaved families for the premeditated murder of the innocent Pakistanis.
Claims for compensation, however, will only be settled after the
charges are confirmed in a court of law.
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